Founded in the 1950s as a military outpost, Mitzpe Ramon is a dusty enclave a two-hour drive from Tel Aviv in the Negev Desert, perched on the edge of the extraordinary Ramon Crater. Twenty-five miles long and 1,500 feet deep, the crater appears to be the result of a colossal impact but in fact is a makhtesh, a gigantic dent in the earth’s surface caused by the subterranean erosion of soft rock strata. The Ramon Nature Reserve that encompasses the crater and the surrounding Negev Mountains is the largest in Israel.